Obfuscate
Programming languages which—when compiled into Intermediate Language (IL)—create managed code for execution under the .NET Common Language Runtime (CLR). .NET languages include Visual Basic .NET, Visual C# .NET, and Visual C++ .NET. Consult a complete list of NET Languages.
To prevent an IL file from being decompiledback into a .NET language, an application called an obfuscator can be used to obfuscate—scramble and otherwise make the file unreadable—to make decompilation difficult.
Object
Class instance which is self-describing and unique. An object is defined by a class; and, an object is the instantiation of a class. Ultimately, all objects derive from System.Object. C# has the keyword object.
Object-oriented
Object-oriented software development is a method of creating software using the concept of objects. Objects encapsulate units of behavior and data. Objects may represent real world objects—like cars—or abstract ideas—like algorithms. Object-oriented design enables the use of inheritance and polymorphism which promote code reuse and extension. Object-oriented programming (OOP) is replacing procedural programming—the old paradigm of software development. Object-oriented languages include the C#, C++, and Java languages.
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design
OOAD or OOA&D uses object-modelling techniques for analyzing the requirements of a context—e.g., a business unit, a group of software modules, a system—in order to design a solution. Object-oriented analysis and design methodologies employ the use case for requirements, design, implementation, testing, and deployment. OOAD can be used with both the Java and C# languages.
Object-Oriented Programming
OOP is a programming paradigm employing objects in the design of software applications. OOP is founded upon encapsulation, inheritance, modularity, and polymorphism. OOP can be used with both the Java and C# languages.
Object Linking and Embedding
OLE is a Microsoft system enabling applications to link to or embed documents created by other applications. For example, Microsoft Word can embed an Excel spreadsheet into a Word document. OLE is different than Component Object Model (COM) which was released as part of OLE2.
Object Query Language
OQL is the query language used in object databases. OQL is the most flexible—yet complex—method of performing queries across object extents. OQL syntax is similar to that of SQL.
Object type
Ultimate base type—System.Object—from which all other .NET Framework types are derived.
Operating System
An operating system is the computer program which controls an entire computer system, interacts directly with the hardware, and provides all the basic system functions upon which applications rely.
Open Source
Open source software is software which is provided publicly in source code form. Usually, open source projects are worked on by a number of individual programmers. The advantages of open source software include direct access to the source code for modifications, better security via source code analysis by multiple individuals, and faster responses to software issues.
Orcas
Code name for the Visual Studio .NET version to be released with Microsoft Longhorn. Named after one of the San Juan Islands in the
Overload
Use a single identifier to refer to multiple methods differing only by their parameters and-or return type. That is, multiple methods with the same name but different method signatures are said to be overloaded.
Override
Supercede an instance field or virtual method in a base class with a new definition of that member in the derived class (subclass).
Palladium
Code name for Microsoft Next-Generation Secure Computing Base (NGSCB) project.
PDF
Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF) is a widely used format for publishing documents for electronic distribution.
Software analysis and optimization framework at the core of future Microsoft compiler development.
Photon
Upgrade to Windows Mobile including extended battery life feature. This version follows Windows Mobiles 2005 (code name Magneto).
PHP
PHP Hypertext Preprocessor is an interpreted, server-side, scripting language that allows Web developers to create dynamic content by interacting with databases. PHP is primarily used to develop Web-based applications.
Pinned
Normally, memory blocks are moved by the Common Language Runtime (CLR) at will—as when garbage collecting. A pinned block of memory has been marked as unmovable. Pinning is necessary; so, that unmanaged code can use managed pointer types without having the data moved unexpectedly. For example, pointers for passing buffer references to Win32 API functions would be invalid if the buffer were relocated in memory without the knowledge of the Win32 API.
Pocket PC
Microsoft Pocket PC is some handheld computing device running a variant of the Windows CE operating system.
Pointer
Variable containing the address of a memory location—the first byte of an allocated object like a value type or an array element.
POP3
Post Office Protocol 3 is used for access to e-mail stored on a remote client computer.
Portable Executable
PE file format defines the structure that executable files (.EXE) and Dynamic Link Libraries (.DLL) use for loading and execution by Windows. PE format is derived from Microsoft Common Object File Format (COFF). .EXE and .DLL files created using the .NET Framework honor the PE/COFF formats; but, also, add additional header and data which are only used by the Common Language Runtime (CLR).
Portable Executable Verifier
.NET programming tool (PEVerify.exe) for verifying that a .NET compiler creates type-safe metadata and MSIL code. Primarily, this tool is used with third-party, ilasm-based compilers to identify code generation problems.
Pre-JIT compiler
Native Image Generator tool for converting a .NET assembly to a native, machine code, executable.
Predefined type
Types predefined in the System namespace by the Common Language Runtime (CLR). Predefined reference types are object and string references. Predefined value types include boolean, character, decimal, floating point, and integer.
Primary Interop Assembly
PIA is an assembly bundled with Microsoft Office 2003 that enables managed code to call Office code.
Private assembly
Assembly that is usable only by a single application. Private assemblies run only with the applications with which they were created and deployed. Private assembly references are resolved locally to the application directory it is installed in.
Project Green
Code name for next-generation Microsoft ERP code base.
Property
.NET language feature enabling the value of a member variable to be modified using accessor and mutator methods defined in a class or structure.
Qualified identifier
Contains multiple identifiers—namespaces or types—separated by dot operators (.). Used to uniquely specify a type or type member, .e.g., System.Console.WriteLine.
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