Visual C# .NET Dictionary - J, K, L

J#

Microsoft-supported .NET language. J# (J-Sharp) is the Microsoft implementation of the Java language. It is designed to faciliate the transition of Java language developers to the .NET Framework. Tools are available to aid in migrating existing Java and Microsoft J++ code to J#. Because J# compiles to MSIL and not to Java byte codes, J# applications are incompatible with the Java Virtual Machine (JVM). One could use Visual Studio .NET to write a J# application, then compile it using third-party Java tools.

J++

Early, proprietary Microsoft version of Java language and cause of much litigation between Microsoft and Sun Microsystems—the owner of the Java system. J++ was not called Java to avoid conforming to Sun licensing requirements and Java specifications. The J++ IDE is called Visual J++.

Java 2 Enterprise Edition

J2EE is Java runtime platform by Sun Microsystems for developing, deploying, and managing multi-tier, server applications on an enterprise scale. J2EE builds on the features of J2SE adding distributed communication, threading control, scalable architecture, and transaction management. Now called simply Java Enterprise Edition.

Java 2 Micro Edition

J2ME is a Java runtime platform by Sun Microsystems for developing Java applications to run on embedded devices—cellular telephones, Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs).

Java 2 Standard Edition

J2SE is the core Java runtime platform by Sun Microsystems for developing Java applications including CORBA, database access, and security. J2SE is a direct competitor to the .NET Framework.

Java language

Programming language and computing platform released by Sun Microsystems in 1995. Java applicationa are able to run on many application environments, computers, handheld devices, and operating systems without altering Java source code or recompiling. C# is designed to run only on Windows .NET platforms. Java source code looks almost identical to C# source code, but the actual implementations vary. The Java system is a direct competitor of the .NET Framework and the C# and J# languages.

Java Language Conversion

JLCA is a tool for converting Java source code into either C# or J# code. JLCA is designed to facilitate the migration of Java applications to the .NET Framework.

Javascript

Originally called LiveScript, this scripting language was developed by Netscape Communications for use with the Navigator browser. JavaScript code forms part of the HTML page and can be used for things like responding to user actions or performing data validation on the client side. JScript is the Microsoft equivalent of Javascript for use with Microsoft's Internet Explorer. Also, there are server-side implementations of Javascript.

Java Virtual Machine

JVM is the component of the Java runtime environment responsible for JIT—compiling Java byte code, memory management, thread scheduling, and interacting with the host environment, e.g., Windows operating system. JVM is the Java equivalent of the Common Language Runtime (CLR) in the .NET Framework.

Javascript Object Notation

JSON is a lightweight, data-interchange format. It is based on a subset of the JavaScript Programming Language—Standard ECMA-262 3rd Edition - December 1999.

JavaServer Pages

JSP is a Java technology for creating dynamic Web pages. The Microsoft equivalent is Active Server Pages.

JScript .NET

Microsoft-supported .NET language. JScript .NET is the .NET implementation of the Javascript programming language. JScript .NET has additional features like .NET Framework access, compiled code, cross-language support, and packages. And, it supports true object-oriented scripting using classes and types.

Just-In-Time

JIT is the process of compiling MSIL code units just when needed at runtime. The JIT compiler in the Common Language Runtime (CLR) compiles MSIL instructions to native machine code as a .NET application is being executed. Compilation occurs when a method is called and is not compiled more than once during program execution; because, JIT-compiled code is cached in memory.

Keyword

Name reserved for special use in a programming language. The C# language defines some eighty keywords, e.g., class, int. Keywords may not be used as program identifiers.

Ladybug

Code name for the Microsoft Developer Network Product Feedback Center which enables testers to provide product suggestions and submit online bug reports via the Web.

LAMP

Acronym for Linux, Apache, MySQL, and PHP. LAMP is a free open source server environment. See also Popular Stacks.

Language INtegrated Query

LINQ is set of extensions to the .NET Framework that encompass language-integrated query, set, and transform operations. It extends Visual C# and Visual Basic with native language syntax for queries and provides class libraries to take advantage of these capabilities.

License Compiler

.NET programming tool (lc.exe) for creating .licenses files that can be embedded in a .NET executable.

Lifetime

Duration of an object's existence from instantiation through garbage collection.

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol

LDAP is a software protocol which makes possible locating devices, files, individuals, organizations, and other resources in a network. LDAP is a lightweight—smaller, easier to use—version of Directory Access Protocol (DAP)—part of X.500, a network directory services standard.

Local assembly cache

Assembly cache that stores compiled classes and methods specific to an application. Each application directory contains a \bin subdirectory containing local assembly cache files. Also known as the application assembly cache.

Locale

Collection of rules and data specific to a geographic area and-or language. Locale information includes character classification, cultural and regional contexts, datetime formats, language, monetary and numerical conventions, and sorting rules.

Localization

Process of developing software that can be localized easily to run in multiple locales.

Lonestar

Code name for Windows XP Tablet PC Edition 2005.

Longhorn

Code name for Microsoft Windows Vista—the release of Windows Server after Windows Server 2003.

Longhorn API

Application programming interface (API) for the Microsoft Longhorn operating system.